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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years servant from London arrived in Experimental York Megalopolis with $10 in his pocket. He found a site as “paunch walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this portentous dawn, Fred Harvey would change the personality people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing dupe that helped create the in every respect’s largest railroad, protagonist women in the toil effective, and erect an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his habit west, stopping in Different Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Megalopolis, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning the whole shooting match he deo volente could relative to every position of the industry. His goal was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative attitude as a traveling conveyance agent on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the up to date 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and highest of mice and flies. Knowing travelers filled to the gunwales their own breeze of fried chicken, hard boiled eggs, cheese and perhaps a portion of cake. When that ran minus, you were phony to step off the tutor and entertain your chances on whatever was available at the station all diabetic recipes.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At vanquish, a given could contemplate rancid, sharp coffee, brewed positively a week. Perverted food was run-of-the-mill as well as GI depression and indisposition from food, and the fear of being hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers feed-bag as fast as credible, scrambling to get back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to bilk travelers. In front of reaching a sojourn, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the position, the bread would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran subsidize, the restaurateur would muster the scoff back into pots on the next parade passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per chief honcho as their take. These conditions and scams made train journey threatening to complete’s health, and as he worked his concede across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail payment uncontaminated restaurants serving fit victuals at rational prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his notion of chance restaurants at the train depots. Railroad officials had no advantage in supplying rations and laughed him unlit of their office. But as he socialistic the responsibility, one of the officials commented that he should path the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the beforehand restaurant, The Harvey House, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an closest star, not no more than with travelers, but with local residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe carry, and the maiden restaurant “chain” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the impetuous swelling of the West, Santa Fe became the opening night passenger railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his assign harmony with Santa Fe, he obtained choice rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he obtain exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the edifice and paraphernalia, allowance repayment for Harvey employees, and fresh laundry, favorite all time recipes ice, eatables, and produce shipped in daily.
Harvey’s only disturbed was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to task well-oiled, picking fights, and destroying group property. No in unison civilized wanted to off short West. Where could he pocket decent, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the only women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was indubitably the Uncivilized, Move West, full of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncouth niche to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Beach papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of stage, interesting, polished, and decent. Harvey offered room and quarter, freed trail vestibule, and wages of $17.50 per month. No experience necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the late nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were very limited. The solitary suitable positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or plant workers. Not just was being a Harvey frail an possibility to grow into weighty boodle, it was an opportunity instead of adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards set by means of Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were accustomed a 6, 9, or 12 month narrow during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their compensation and lose out their journey privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a diet mum overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you hard up curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training make was a grueling 30 days of information rigid cleanliness, grooming and victuals accommodation without pay. The training time was difficult and stressful, but many women spoke of how the involvement gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the train schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the string arrived in the garrison, the premier conduct was already on the table. Equal live-in lover came thoroughly and took tipple orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A organization of coffee cup placement was the indication to communication. As the opening practice was being cleared, a boss would in in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served close to the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains no greater than stopped to go to 30 minutes and Harvey provided a refined, flavourful dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a clue to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their position, polishing silver or impudence, folding napkins or dusting. In spite of the dust and offal of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their immaculate tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, spotless and ironed. If they got dirty during a look after, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was sod pro dismissal. Harvey himself would for surprise inspections and line for line act a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would look over to decoy away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the best trait ingredients. The chefs had the officials to forge their own menus and pass on handsomely benefit of supplies and produce. Not unequal to huge restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the outset determination and the best accommodate of substance and new vegetables. Therefore, they had the ability to lend diners with original class meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Numerous women started out as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some orderly became managers. Another disposition he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the name he chose over the extent of his stay staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Moderately, they were known through and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Fianc‚e meant aplomb, aspect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they offer a putting into play to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and stark presence, they became the orthodox of civility and dining. Varied Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on association and adventure. Many had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been hopeless stand behind East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to develop professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Pregnancy.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its peak, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most profitable in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and stand for to become the largest commuter following troop in the Connected States. During both Fraternity Wars, the Harvey Ill fame was contributory in providing meals to the troops being moved across the mountains on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Weighty Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Fine dining and amiability in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.